Wendy is a protestor who reflects on social problems, but frequently persecuted and detained. Elisabeth’s mother, Wendy, finds her daughter’s devotion for Daniel unusual and her wary about the relations is highlighted in the novel. The narrator rememorizes the story when Elisabeth is bedside Daniel in a hospice dreaming and flashbacks to the past and the present time. Autumn is the first book of Smith’s cyclical or seasonal novels, a narrative of young Elisabeth’s love for Daniel, a 101 years old man who is dying. She aimed at writing political novels after Brexit dilemma. She has published four short story collections, one of which was awarded the Saltire First Book of the Year Award ( Free Love and Other Stories, 1995). Through rhetoric of motives by the seasonal novel via identification, symbolism, and imagination, Smith indirectly portrays the political event of Brexit (British Exit) and its consequences in British society.Īli Smith born in 1962, is a Scottish novelist and short story writer, mostly notable for Hotel World (2001), The Accidental (2005) and How to Be Both (2014).
Burke believes that through rhetoric of motives and grammar of motives it is possible to create protagonists that people can easily identify with to persuade them into action based on their intended political views. This study explored how the rhetoric and dialect of Smith that have symbolic meanings and functions is motivating through identification with characters. The themes of Ali Smith's Autumn are in congruity with Kenneth Burke’s theoretical ideas represented as theme of love to explain illogical coupling of a young woman and an old man that recalls England and Europe/EU interconnection and mismatching relations. Rhetoric of motives refers to the application of terms with persuasive function that move people into action.
Identification refers to identifying with characters having some components or substances in common. In this study, Autumn was investigated in light of Kenneth Burke's notions of identification, substance, symbolism, and imagination known as rhetoric of motives. In his political novel, Autumn, Ali Smith has implicitly integrated family life with political matrices of British-European relations.
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